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Maartje Michielsen Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

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Annemieke Van Haver Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

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Matthias Vanhees Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

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Roger van Riet Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

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Frederik Verstreken Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

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to the planned reduction. Autologous bone grafts are used to fill the defect at the osteotomy site. A patient-specific instrument can also be designed and printed to reproduce the pre-determined size of the graft accurately. Arthroscopy can be

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Lars Henrik Frich Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark

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Morten Schultz Larsen Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark

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covering the bony subchondral plate and that congruity was reinforced by a fibrous labrum around the glenoid cavity. In a biomechanical study, Frich et al 12 proved that the glenoid fossa comprised a relatively thick subchondral bone plate conveying

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Stefan Rammelt University Center of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany

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of meta- and diaphyseal intercalary bone defects after tumour resection with intramedullary nailing and porous polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) spacer . Orthopäde 2007 ; 36 : 152 - 8 , 60 - 3 . 40 Collinge C , Merk B

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Babar Kayani University College London Hospital, London, UK

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Sujith Konan University College London Hospital, London, UK

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Atif Ayuob University College London Hospital, London, UK

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Salamah Ayyad University College London Hospital, London, UK

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Fares S. Haddad University College London Hospital, London, UK

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In 1971, Charnley revolutionized THA through the introduction of low-friction arthroplasty, and his subsequent developments of acrylic cement to fix implants to living bone and high-density polyethylene as a bearing material. 1 Analysis of these

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Ferdinando Auricchio Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Italy

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Stefania Marconi Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Italy

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deformities. Radiographs are used routinely for orthopaedic surgical planning, yet they provide inadequate information on the precise 3D extent of bone defects. 18 - 19 Examples of the application of 3DP within the orthopedic field have spread rapidly in

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Tobias Winkler Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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Sven Geissler Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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Tazio Maleitzke Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Trauma Orthopaedic Research Copenhagen Hvidovre (TORCH), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Carsten Perka Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany

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Georg N Duda Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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Alexander Hildebrandt Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany

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application of lipid particle-encapsulated in vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNA encoding BMP-2 in a mouse model for critical-size bone defects. The mRNA therapy was able to promote endochondral ossification in vivo ( 69 ). Zhang et al. successfully combined

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Frédéric Vauclair Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

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Patrick Goetti Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

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Ngoc Tram V. Nguyen Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

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Joaquin Sanchez-Sotelo Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

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coronoid and radial head during flexion. To maintain extension, bone has to be excavated at the posterior aspect of the humerus to recreate a new olecranon fossa. If the bone defect is too big to obtain compression with shortening, structural bone autograft

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Ashoklal Ramavath Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK

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Jonathan N. Lamb Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Jeya Palan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK

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Hemant G. Pandit Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Sameer Jain Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK

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‘healed’ by the introduction of new cement, but large defects suggest either significant malreduction or bone loss and need to be addressed appropriately with revision to a long cementless stem or proximal femur replacement (PFR). Impaction bone grafting

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Sebastian Kopf Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Germany

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Manuel-Paul Sava Orthopedics and Traumatology 2nd Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania

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Christian Stärke Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany

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Roland Becker Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Germany

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Harnly HW Rodeo SA Williams RJ III . Activity levels are higher after osteochondral autograft transfer mosaicplasty than after microfracture for articular cartilage defects of the knee: a retrospective comparative study . J Bone

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Alexandre Lädermann La Tour Hospital; University of Geneva; Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland

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Stephen S. Burkhart The San Antonio Orthopaedic Group; University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA

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Pierre Hoffmeyer Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland

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Lionel Neyton Mermoz Hospital, Lyon, France

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Philippe Collin Centre Hospitalier Privé Saint-Grégoire, Saint- Grégoire, France

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Evan Yates St Francis Memorial Hospital, San Francisco, USA

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Patrick J. Denard Southern Oregon Orthopedics, Medford, Oregon, USA

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decrease repair fixation strength. Bone grafting techniques are needed to address these defects. 7 We have also observed occasional complete resorption of the tuberosities ( Fig. 3 ). In such a situation, a simple tendon rotator repair is usually

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