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° upper limit. 7 , 8 , 11 The distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA) is measured between the distal articular surface and the perpendicular line to the longitudinal axis of the first metatarsal. It is considered non-pathological at up to 10° in
Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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upper and lower limbs ( 28 ). A very important part of the evaluation of the CS patient is the assessment of thoracic insufficiency syndrome which is evaluated by the thumb excursion test. Imaging studies starts with anteroposterior (AP) and lateral
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recent literature concerning ARIF for articular and peri-articular fractures in the upper limb, and to propose optimal techniques in the acute setting. To this purpose, the present review was carried out by searching the most recent peer
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goals have progressed from survival to limb preservation to maintenance of normal limb development and function. 2 In this article, we review the current concepts regarding these pathologies and areas of interest for future developments
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Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College, London, UK
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Radiologically, Burbank et al identified an incidence of 6.5% using axillary radiographs from 93 patients presenting to an upper limb clinic with shoulder pain. 12 The most recent evidence using MRI imaging in a cohort of 1042 patients suggests a lower
Hand Unit, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
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, they show a significant improvement in grip strength and in the function of the upper limb. Where well described, the return to work as before shows a weighted average of 70%. Only 7 patients out of 56 (12.5%) received a work allowance, and only 9 work
Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy
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Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy
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Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy
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patellar tracking in the final stage of pregnancy as a vital condition to ensure normal anatomy. In fact, a foetus with space to kick and flex the lower limbs is believed to have a good prospect of developing an adequately deep femoral trochlea. Conversely
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B . Correlation of the degree of clavicle shortening after non-surgical treatment of midshaft fractures with upper limb function . BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2015 ; 16 : 151 . 36. Goudie EB Clement ND Murray IR
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undernutrition, with or without an element of inflammation, leading to altered body composition and function ( 16 , 17 , 18 ). Ultimately, there is an imbalance of macro- and micro-nutrients and energy consumption ( 19 ). The definition and diagnosis of
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. Concomitant upper-limb fractures not only cause a more severe trauma and instability, but also create increased difficulty in treatment and an increased incidence of neurovascular injuries or compartment syndrome. 7 - 9 In displaced extension
