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Riccardo D’Ambrosi IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy

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Nicola Ursino IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy

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Carmelo Messina IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy

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Federico Della Rocca Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy

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Michael Tobias Hirschmann Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Kantonsspital Baselland (Bruderholz, Liestal, Laufen) Switzerland

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Follow-up MR arthrography conducted 11 months later showed that the superior capsule injury had healed, but the iliofemoral ligament defect remained. This defect creates the potential for anterior hip instability, as has been previously reported in

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E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán Department of Orthopedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
Osteoarticular Surgery Research, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital – Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain

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Hortensia De la Corte-Rodríguez Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain

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Carlos A. Encinas-Ullán Department of Orthopedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain

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Primitivo Gómez-Cardero Department of Orthopedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain

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, posterolateral drawer * Slocum’s test represents a modification of the anterior drawer test, which tests anteromedial rotary instability (AMRI) and anterolateral rotary instability (ALRI) of the knee. 4 Reconstruction of multiligament knee

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Juan Ramón Cano Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario Costa del Sol, University of Málaga, Malaga, Spain

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José Manuel Bogallo Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario Costa del Sol, University of Málaga, Malaga, Spain

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Alicia Ramirez Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario Costa del Sol, University of Málaga, Malaga, Spain

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Enrique Guerado Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario Costa del Sol, University of Málaga, Malaga, Spain

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that, by the time of admission in the emergency room, has not caused hemodynamic instability. This concept, however, needs qualification for both the hemodynamics and the pelvic fracture. On the one hand, all patients presenting with hemorrhagic shock

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Cheuk Yin Li School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Kenneth Jordan Ng Cheong Chung School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Omar M. E. Ali School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Nicholas D. H. Chung School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Cheuk Heng Li School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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, progressive arthritis, and instability; knee pain continues to be one of the top five reasons for revision surgery. 2 A retrospective study by Erivan R et al 12 showed that in patients with unexplained chronic knee pain following TKR, 4.5% of cases

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Anoop Prasad Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Royal London Hospital, UK

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Richard Donovan Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Royal London Hospital, UK

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Manoj Ramachandran Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Royal London Hospital, UK

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Sebastian Dawson-Bowling Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Royal London Hospital, UK

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Steven Millington Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Royal London Hospital, UK

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Rej Bhumbra Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Royal London Hospital, UK

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Pramod Achan Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Royal London Hospital, UK

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Sammy A. Hanna Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Royal London Hospital, UK

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/PS (6) CCK (2) RHK (1) 1/5 (2) 2/5 (1) 3/5 (2) 4/5 (3) 5/5 (1) Instability (2) Infection (1) 1 (25%) CCK (1) 33 % AKSS: 84 (65-94) Giori et al, 4 2002, USA 16 4.4 (0.4-15) CR (6) CS/PS (6) CCK (4) > 3/5 (10) = 3/5 (3) < 3

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Martin C Jordan Department of Orthopaedic Traumatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
TraumaEvidence @ German Society for Trauma Surgery, Berlin, Germany

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Konrad F Fuchs Department of Orthopaedic Traumatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

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Steven C Herath Department for Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

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Joachim Windolf TraumaEvidence @ German Society for Trauma Surgery, Berlin, Germany
Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

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Rainer H Meffert Department of Orthopaedic Traumatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

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Anne Neubert TraumaEvidence @ German Society for Trauma Surgery, Berlin, Germany
Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

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and may cause further posterior injury. The degree of pelvic instability increases with the force of impact. Current injury classifications are based on the stability of the posterior sacroiliac complex ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). Anterior–posterior compression

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J. Javier Masquijo Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Sanatorio Allende, Córdoba, Argentina

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Cristian Artigas Hospital Roberto del Rio, Santiago, Chile
Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Chile

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Julio de Pablos Advanced Bone Reconstruction Surgery, Hospital San Juan de Dios y Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain

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spontaneously without further treatment. Surgical correction is indicated for persistent deformities of > 10°, with anterior and/orlateral joint pain, patellofemoral instability, gait disturbance, or cosmetic concerns. This usually represents a deviation of the

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Sebastian Siebenlist Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Germany

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Arne Buchholz Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Germany

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Karl F. Braun Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Germany

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reconstruction of the ulna as well as a failed/missed reattachment of elbow stabilizing structures will otherwise result in persistent pain, poor function and progressive joint degeneration due to chronic elbow instability. 5 Consequently, the appropriate

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Anna E van der Windt Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Lisette C Langenberg Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Joost W Colaris Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Denise Eygendaal Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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lead to increased instability in varus–valgus and posterolateral rotatory directions, especially in a ligament-deficient elbow ( 4 , 8 , 9 , 10 ). Thus, when the collateral ligaments and the soft tissues of the forearm are intact, the radial head may

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Mohammad Poursalehian Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

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Sina Hajiaghajani Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

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Mohammad Ayati Firoozabadi Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

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Davood Dehghani Ashkezari Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

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Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

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in the anterolateral aspect ( 4 ). Furthermore, these insights are pivotal in advancing surgical techniques aimed at restoring knee function following an injury, particularly in the setting of anterolateral rotatory instability ( 5 , 6 ). This

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