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Tristan Ferry Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
Centre de Références des IOA Complexes de Lyon, CRIOAc Lyon, Lyon, France
StaPath team, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, CIRI, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, UCBL1, Lyon, France
Education and Clinical Officer of the ESCMID Study Group for Non-traditional Antibacterial Therapy (ESGNTA)

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Jolien Onsea Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven, Belgium

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Tiphaine Roussel-Gaillard Institut des Agents Infectieux, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie du Nord, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France

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Cécile Batailler Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et de Médecine du Sport, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France

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Thomas Fintan Moriarty AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, Davos Platz, Switzerland

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Willem-Jan Metsemakers Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven, Belgium

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incidence of PJI in most centres ranges between 0.5% and 2% ( 3 , 5 ), the incidence for FRI varies widely, from 1% to 30%, depending to a large degree on injury severity ( 6 ). Given the ageing population, with a growing number of fragility fractures, and

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Mattia Loppini Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
Fondazione Livio Sciutto Onlus, Campus Savona - Università degli Studi di Genova, Via Magliotto 2, Savona, Italy

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Francesco Manlio Gambaro Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy

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Marco di Maio Università degli Studi di Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, Trieste, Italy

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Guido Grappiolo IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
Fondazione Livio Sciutto Onlus, Campus Savona - Università degli Studi di Genova, Via Magliotto 2, Savona, Italy

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circumferential. The longitudinal length of the defect was expressed as more or less than 5 cm extending distally from the lesser trochanter. The periprosthetic fracture associated with the bony defect characterized the most severe lesion (type V). The modified

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Xavier Crevoisier University Hospital Center (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland

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Mathieu Assal Foot and Ankle Center, Clinique la Colline, Geneva, Switzerland

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Katarina Stanekova University Hospital Center (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland

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joint, orientation of the distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA), degenerative changes of the joint, indirect manifestations of the insufficiency of the first ray, typically including hypertrophy of the second metatarsal, fatigue fracture of the second

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Jurek Rafal Tomasz Pietrzak Arthroplasty Unit, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), Johannesburg, South Africa

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Zia Maharaj Arthroplasty Unit, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), Johannesburg, South Africa

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Lipalo Mokete Arthroplasty Unit, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), Johannesburg, South Africa

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Nkhodiseni Sikhauli Arthroplasty Unit, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), Johannesburg, South Africa

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fragility fractures in HIV-infected patients exists, especially femoral neck fractures in males ( Fig. 2 ). 16 Risk factors associated with low BMD include low CD4+ nadir and longer duration of HIV infection. 14 With no sign of disease retrenchment

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Xinhui Wu Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

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Xiaoxin Fang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China

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Feng Lu Nanjing Medical University, Jiangning, Nanjing, China

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Qiong Chen Jinhua TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Junjian Liu Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

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Longpo Zheng Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
Orthopedic Intelligent Minimally Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

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destruction of bone microstructure, resulting in increased bone fragility and fracture susceptibility ( 76 ). OP is divided into two categories: primary OP and secondary OP. Primary OP mainly includes senile OP and postmenopausal OP (PMOP). Many diseases may

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Sylvain Steinmetz Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

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Anne-Laure Rougemont Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

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Robin Peter Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

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arthroplasty. In very young patients, primary arthroplasty must however remain a second-best option reserved for advanced affections with loss of joint space or bone fragility associated with the destruction of the femoral neck or the acetabulum. An

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İlker Eren Koç University, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul, Turkey

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Cemil Cihad Gedik Koç University, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul, Turkey

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Uğur Kılıç Koç University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey

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Berk Abay Koç University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey

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Olgar Birsel Koç University, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul, Turkey

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Mehmet Demirhan Koç University, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul, Turkey

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to facilitate union. A ball tip high-speed burr is used to prepare the ventral surface of scapula and dorsal surfaces of selected adjacent ribs. Note that both scapula and ribs are fragile with thin cortices. Therefore, creating a rough surface

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Andrea Ferrera Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Orthopaedic and Trauma Centre, Turin, Italy

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Jacques Menetrey Centre de Médecine du Sport et de l’Exercice (CMSE), Swiss Olympic Medical Center, Hirslanden Clinique La Colline, Geneva, Switzerland
Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

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graft. The medial hinge should be preserved by advancing the oscillating saw no more than 1 cm away from the medial cortex, as it is more fragile and prone to fracture, resulting in collapsing of the osteotomy site and great difficulty in controlling the

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Javier Pizones Spine Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain

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Eduardo García-Rey Hip Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain

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mechanisms Spine malalignment is usually derived from spine degeneration. 12 Secondary causes can also be fractures, tumours, or spine deformities. Ageing and osteoporosis lead to disc dehydration with loss of LL, and anterior spinal column collapse

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Keith Tucker Orthopaedic Data Evaluation Panel (ODEP), Norwich, UK

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Klaus-Peter Günther University Centre of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany

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Per Kjaersgaard-Andersen Department of Orthopaedics, Vejle Hospital, South Danish University, Vejle, Denmark

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Jörg Lützner University Centre of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany

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Jan Philippe Kretzer Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany

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Rob G.H.H. Nelissen Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands

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Toni Lange Center for Evidence-based Healthcare, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany

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Luigi Zagra IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Hip Department, Milan, Italy

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periprosthetic fractures that can occur either side of all TJAs and dislocation in THA. In this context it is desirable that the revision could be as uninvasive as possible, as well as tissue/implant sparing, especially in the older and more fragile patients

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