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Arvin Eslami Bone and Joint reconstruction research center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Firoozgar Hospital, Bone and Joint reconstruction research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

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Mohammadreza Chehrassan Bone and Joint reconstruction research center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

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Shaya Alimoghadam Bone and Joint reconstruction research center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Firoozgar Hospital, Bone and Joint reconstruction research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

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Karim Pisoudeh Bone and Joint reconstruction research center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Firoozgar Hospital, Bone and Joint reconstruction research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

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Amir Kasaeian Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute; Research Center for Chronic Inflammatory Diseases; Clinical Research Development Unit, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

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Omid Elahifar Bone and Joint reconstruction research center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Firoozgar Hospital, Bone and Joint reconstruction research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

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patient mortality, irrespective of underlying conditions. This risk is notably exacerbated in pregnant women that potentially elevate the likelihood of fatality ( 1 , 5 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ). Regarding the fetus, factors such as placental

Article Type:
Systematic Review
Category:
Trauma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-23-0164
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 7
Open access
Francesco Pirato Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AO Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

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Federica Rosso Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AO Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

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Federico Dettoni Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AO Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

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Davide Edoardo Bonasia Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AO Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

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Matteo Bruzzone Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AO Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

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Roberto Rossi Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AO Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

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knee, which is usually painless ( 16 , 23 ). Conditions such tibial plateau fractures and arthrofibrosis can usually lead to a combined contracture affecting the range of motion in flexion and extension either ( 24 , 25 ). Risk factors

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Knee
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-24-0034
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 5
Open access
Jurek Rafal Tomasz Pietrzak Arthroplasty Unit, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), Johannesburg, South Africa

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Zia Maharaj Arthroplasty Unit, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), Johannesburg, South Africa

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Lipalo Mokete Arthroplasty Unit, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), Johannesburg, South Africa

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Nkhodiseni Sikhauli Arthroplasty Unit, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), Johannesburg, South Africa

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both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Non-modifiable risk factors associated with an increased risk of infection 9 include age, gender, race and chronic diseases such as obstructive pulmonary or kidney disease, coagulopathies and

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Hip
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.5.190030
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 3
Open access
Erdem Sahin Cankaya Orthopedics, Ankara, Turkiye

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Reha Tandogan Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Cankaya Orthopedics, Ankara, Turkiye & Halic University, Istanbul, Turkiye

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Michael Liebensteiner Orthopädie, Knie & Fuß im Zentrum, Innsbruck, Austria

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Guillaume Demey Lyon Ortho Clinic, Lyon, France

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Asim Kayaalp Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Cankaya Orthopedics, Ankara, Turkiye & Halic University, Istanbul, Turkiye

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females and patients aged <19. Two thirds of the injuries were related to sports ( 1 ). Higher annual rates up to 125 per 100 000 individuals have been found in smaller studies ( 2 ). Risk factors for patellar instability including patella alta

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Knee
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-23-0070
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 1
Open access
Stefano Zaffagnini Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Dipartimento Rizzoli Sicilia, Bagheria (PA), Italy
Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy

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Alberto Grassi Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Dipartimento Rizzoli Sicilia, Bagheria (PA), Italy
Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy

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Gianluca Zocco Dipartimento di Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, Scuola Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Università di Messina, Italy

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Michele Attilo Rosa Dipartimento di Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, Scuola Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Università di Messina, Italy

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Cecilia Signorelli Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy

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Giulio Maria Marcheggiani Muccioli Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Dipartimento Rizzoli Sicilia, Bagheria (PA), Italy
Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy

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patellofemoral dysplasia. 6 Breech presentation, which is a well-known risk factor for hip dislocation, 7 has been demonstrated to be a recurrent feature in Scandinavian newborns with flat femoral trochlea. The authors, who measured the femoral sulcus

Article Type:
Research Article
Category:
Knee
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.2.160081
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 5
Open access
Giovanni Di Giacomo Concordia Hospital for Special Surgery Rome, Italy

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Luigi Piscitelli Concordia Hospital for Special Surgery Rome, Italy

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Mattia Pugliese Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Trauma and Orthopaedics, Rome, Italy

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Balg F Ahrens P Neyton L . Risk factors for recurrence of shoulder instability after arthroscopic Bankart repair . J Bone Joint Surg Am 2006 ; 88 : 1755 – 1756 . 56. Saliken DJ Bornes TD Bouliane

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Shoulder & Elbow
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.3.180028
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 12
Open access
Pengqiang Lou Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China

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Guangzhi Zhou Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China

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Bo Wei Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China

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Xiaolei Deng Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China

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Decai Hou Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China

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hip osteoarthritis within 1–4 years of onset ( 2 ). The disease is common in young adults, and its prevalence is rising, bringing a heavy burden to families and society ( 3 ). Major risk factors for non-traumatic femoral head osteonecrosis include the

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Hip
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-22-0092
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 6
Open access
Xiaofeng Deng Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Haoran Xu Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Xiaoxia Hao Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Jiawei Liu Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Xingru Shang Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Tao Xu Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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incidence of OA is 2–6%, while more than one-third of cases occur in people over 65 years of age ( 3 ). Owing to increased risk factors, such as the aging population, physical inactivity, and obesity, the incidence and early onset of OA are constantly rising

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Sports & Arthroscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-22-0119
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 3
Open access
Yusuf Omar Qalib Department of Orthopaedics, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
These authors contributed equally to this work

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Yicun Tang Department of Orthopaedics, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
These authors contributed equally to this work

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Dawei Wang Department of Orthopaedics, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China

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Baizhou Xing Department of Orthopaedics, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China

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Xingming Xu Department of Orthopaedics, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China

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Huading Lu Department of Orthopaedics, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China

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treatments of MRL exist, but the most definite and frequently applied is lesion repair. 19 Fig. 1 Ramp lesion of the medial meniscus and its features. Risk factors A large multivariate analysis established the following risk factors

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Sports & Arthroscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.6.200126
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 5
Open access
Pelle V Wall University of California San Diego School of Medicine, Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, United States of America

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Brendon C Mitchell Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, West Arbor Drive, California, United States of America

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Canhnghi N Ta Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, West Arbor Drive, California, United States of America

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William T Kent Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, West Arbor Drive, California, United States of America

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with closed reduction internal fixation (CRIF) or hemiarthroplasty (HA) ( 40 ). The authors found 1-year mortality was significantly higher in DOAC patients who underwent CRIF (but not HA), for which delayed TTS was an independent risk factor; however

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Hip
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-22-0060
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 7
Open access