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Andrea Angelini Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Nicolò Mosele Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Elisa Pagliarini Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Pietro Ruggieri Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

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multiple vertebral lytic lesions ( 15 ). Molecular characteristics Etiopathogenetic mechanisms in GSD are still unclear and uncertain, nevertheless, several hypotheses have been made since the Gorham and Stout article of 1955 ( 2 ). There are three

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Andreas F. Mavrogenis Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Panayiotis D. Megaloikonomos Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Vasileios G. Igoumenou Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Georgios N. Panagopoulos Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Efthymia Giannitsioti Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Antonios Papadopoulos Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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-osseous arteries are end-arteries and septic emboli may become entrapped, resulting in extensive destruction, leading to wedging or collapse of the body. 41 Infection extending to the adjacent disc and vertebra creates the typical lesions of spondylodiscitis

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Ignacio Sanpera Hospital Universitary Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Illes BalearsSpain

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Sandra Villafranca-Solano Hospital Universitary Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Illes BalearsSpain

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Carmen Muñoz-Lopez Hospital Universitary Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Illes BalearsSpain

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Julia Sanpera-Iglesias Evelina Children’s Hospital, London, UK

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pes cavus, such as pes cavovarus (PCV) or pes calcaneocavus, may be related to a neurological lesion and its secondary muscle imbalance and be symptomatic. The differentiation between the various forms of pes cavus is paramount to understand its

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Marko Bumbasirevic Orthopaedic and Traumatology University Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Serbia
School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia

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Tomislav Palibrk Orthopaedic and Traumatology University Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Serbia

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Aleksandar Lesic Orthopaedic and Traumatology University Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Serbia
School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia

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Henry DE Atkinson Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University College, London Medical School, North Middlesex University Hospital, UK

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useful in detecting the location of an injury, co-existing pathologies and neurological diseases when a nerve lesion is suspected. 42 , 43 Treatment Treatment of radial nerve palsy can be either non-operative or operative. Non

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Carlos Maynou CHU Lille, Orthopaedic Department, F-59000 Lille, France

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Christophe Szymanski CHU Lille, Orthopaedic Department, F-59000 Lille, France

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Alexis Thiounn CHU Lille, Orthopaedic Department, F-59000 Lille, France

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neurological disorder. Thus, neurological disorders must be looked for in the family history and clinical and electrophysiologica evaluation of the patient is necessary to eliminate any very subtle neurological lesion. Patho-anatomy There are several

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Amer Sebaaly Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon

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Mohammad Daher Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon

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Bendy Salameh Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon

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Ali Ghoul Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Samuel George Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Sami Roukoz Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon

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contrast to vital capacity and lung volumes improving ( 67 ). The procedure presents with high rate of neurological complications of 7% with brachial plexus palsy being the most common ( 68 ). Rib and lamina fractures, infection and lesions are also

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E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
Osteoarticular Surgery Research, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital – Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain

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Inmaculada Moracia-Ochagavía Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain

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feet of athletes are not unusual problems. 6 Often, the aforementioned problems are neglected as the more noticeable musculoskeletal lesion draws the orthopaedic surgeon’s attention. Commonly, with conservative management, including a sporadic

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Alfonso Vaquero-Picado Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Spain

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Gaspar González-Morán Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Spain

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Luis Moraleda Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Spain

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displaced fractures. It has been reported that vascular compromise exists in up to 10% to 20% of displaced fractures. 2 , 11 , 12 It is mandatory to check the distal pulse and hand perfusion pre-operatively and post-operatively. Neurological

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Mario Herrera-Pérez Foot and Ankle Unit, Orthopaedic Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain
Department of Surgery, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

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Victor Valderrabano Foot and Ankle Unit, Orthopaedic Department, Schmerzklinik, Basel, Switzerland
University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Alexandre L Godoy-Santos Orthopaedic Department, Hospital Israelita, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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César de César Netto Director of the UIOWA Orthopedic Functional Imaging Research Laboratory (OFIRL), Iowa, USA
Department of Orthopedic and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa, USA

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David González-Martín Foot and Ankle Unit, Orthopaedic Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain
Department of Surgery, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

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Sergio Tejero Foot and Ankle Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
Department of Surgery, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain

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chronic lateral instability. Another point of controversy is the relation between osteochondral lesions of the talus and the development of ankle OA. Weigelt et al. ( 10 ) reported in a 14-year-old follow-up study that osteochondral lesions of

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Antal Imre Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

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Sápi Zoltán Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest

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Szendrői Miklós Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

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underlining the ineffectiveness of denosumab on the tumourous stromal cells ( 1 ). Following the successful use of denosumab in the treatment of osteoporosis and metastatic bone lesions ( 2 , 3 ), it has been approved by FDA in 2013 and later on by the

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