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E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
Osteoarticular Surgery Research, La Paz Hospital Health Research Institute – IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital – Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain

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Primitivo Gómez-Cardero Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain

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Carlos A. Encinas-Ullán Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain

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due to injury of the corresponding collateral ligament. In 2019, Rosso et al, in a level IV evidence-based study, proposed a modified classification of bone loss from the AORI classification that also took into account bone quality. 2 The authors

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Fahima A. Begum University College Hospital, London, UK

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Babar Kayani University College Hospital, London, UK

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Samuel D. J. Morgan University College Hospital, London, UK

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Syed S. Ahmed University College Hospital, London, UK

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Sandeep Singh University College Hospital, London, UK

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Fares S. Haddad University College Hospital, London, UK

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) scans of the knee joint are used to create a virtual three-dimensional reconstruction of the patient’s native knee anatomy. The patient-specific reconstruction is then used by the surgeon to plan an implant position and size that best achieves the

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Mark Anthony Roussot University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cape Town, SA

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Fares Sami Haddad University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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patellofemoral offset will exacerbate this. In cadaver models, removal of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) appears to create substantial lateral patellar tilt and lateral patellar translation, which is restored with ACL reconstruction. 89 Similarly, PCL

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Fabio A. Rodriguez-Patarroyo Outcomes Research Department, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Ohio, USA

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Nadin Cuello Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Eva Perón, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Robert Molloy Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Viktor Krebs Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Alparslan Turan Outcomes Research Department, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Ohio, USA
Department of Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Nicolas S. Piuzzi Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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.25% bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia after total knee replacement or anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction . J Clin Anesth . 2008 ; 20 : 521 - 527 . 40. Ozen M Inan N Tümer F Uyar A Baltaci B . The effect of 3-in-1

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Sohail Nisar Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, UK
Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, LGI, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, UK

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Jeya Palan Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, UK

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Charles Rivière MSK Lab - Imperial College London, White City Campus, London, UK
The Lister Hospital, Chelsea Bridge, London, UK
Centre de l’Arthrose - Clinique du Sport, Bordeaux-Mérignac, France

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Mark Emerton Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, UK

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Hemant Pandit Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, UK
Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, UK

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developed the Freeman–Swanson bicompartmental prosthesis using MA to prioritize mechanical stability over anatomical function, with the cruciate ligaments being sacrificed as a result. 9 In 1985, Insall further popularized the MA technique 10 and

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Cheuk Yin Li School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Kenneth Jordan Ng Cheong Chung School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Omar M. E. Ali School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Nicholas D. H. Chung School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Cheuk Heng Li School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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such as ligament injury or implant failure. 39 Excessive release of the medial ligament, inadequate distal femoral resection, excessive tibial slope, internal rotation of components and an undersized femoral component can also lead to flexion

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Ahmed Siddiqi Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Orthopedics Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Timothy Horan Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

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Robert M. Molloy Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Orthopedics Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Michael R. Bloomfield Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Orthopedics Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Preetesh D. Patel Cleveland Clinic Florida, Department of Orthopedics, Weston, Florida, USA

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Nicolas S. Piuzzi Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Orthopedics Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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in performing any aspect of the procedure. RA-TKA systems utilize computer software while incorporating advanced imaging to provide a virtual patient-specific 3D reconstruction of the knee. The surgeon calculates the optimal bony resection and final

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Timothy Lording Melbourne Orthopaedic Group and The Alfred Hospital, Australia

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Sébastien Lustig Albert Trillat Center, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Université Lyon 1, France

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Philippe Neyret Albert Trillat Center, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Université Lyon 1, France

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. They noted a significant correlation between good clinical results and good alignment. In four of their five failures, the tibial component was positioned in varus. Denham and Bishop, in a 1978 study of biomechanics in relation to knee reconstruction

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Simon Donell Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, UK

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. Again, the implant was rotated internally and externally by 5°. In external rotation the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) lengthened between 90° and 0° since it is attached to bone, but had no effect on the transverse fibres of the lateral

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Lei Yao Sports Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Jie Cai West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Junqiao Li Sports Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Yan Xiong Sports Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Jian Li Sports Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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meniscectomy. No patients underwent meniscal suture, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, or microfracture. All patients in the treatment group received an additional dose of HA immediately after surgery, while patients in two studies ( 6 , 19 ) received

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