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Vicente Carlos da Silva Campos Hospital Curry Cabral, Lisboa, Portugal

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Francisco Guerra Pinto Hospital Ortopédico de Sant’Ana, Hospital Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, Universidad de Barcelona, Nova Medical School, Lisboa, Portugal

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Diogo Constantino Hospital Curry Cabral, Lisboa, Portugal

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Renato Andrade Clínica Do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal
Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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João Espregueira-Mendes Clínica Do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal
Dom Henrique Research Centre, Porto, Portugal
ICVS/3Bs, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
School of Medicine, Minho University, Braga, Portugal

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routinely perform the pie-crusting technique. When these techniques are associated with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, we hardly ever need to release the MCL. The purpose of this review is to recall some useful basic science and clinical data

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David T. Wallace Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
Department of Orthopaedics, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, UK

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Philip E. Riches Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK

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Frédéric Picard Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
Department of Orthopaedics, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, UK

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, 24 more recent work has looked directly at the association between subjective instability and objective measures of assessment. 2 , 7 , 8 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 23 These measures will be discussed in turn. Anterior cruciate ligament

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Jimmy Wui Guan Ng Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK

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Benjamin V. Bloch Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK

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Peter J. James Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK

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) insert is a highly conforming insert which has a high anterior lip. In the presence of posterior cruciate ligament deficiency, the UC insert was designed to provide AP stability without the use of a post cam mechanism as seen in posterior substituting (PS

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Sebastian Kopf Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Germany

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Manuel-Paul Sava Orthopedics and Traumatology 2nd Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania

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Christian Stärke Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany

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Roland Becker Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Germany

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anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). About 6% of injured knees sustain a traumatic meniscus tear resulting in 0.5 to 0.7 acutely injured menisci per 1000 individuals per year. 14 – 16 The numbers of affected medial and lateral menisci in patients with a

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Charles Rivière Clinique du Sport, Bordeaux-Mérignac, France
Personalized Arthroplasty Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

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William Jackson Personalized Arthroplasty Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Headington, Oxford, UK

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Loïc Villet Clinique du Sport, Bordeaux-Mérignac, France
Personalized Arthroplasty Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

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Sivan Sivaloganathan Personalized Arthroplasty Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
South-West London Elective Orthopaedic Centre, Epsom, UK

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Yaron Barziv Personalized Arthroplasty Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Shamir Medical Center, Zriffin, Israel

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Pascal-André Vendittoli Personalized Arthroplasty Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Département de Chirurgie, Université de Montréal, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, Canada

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tibial slope: - slightly reduce the large native tibial slope when using postero-stabilized TKA designs. The increased flexion gap resulting from the resection of the posterior cruciate ligament would prevent tightness in flexion - restore native slope

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Lucy C. Walker Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK

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Nick D. Clement Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK

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Kanishka M. Ghosh Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK

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David J. Deehan Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK

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and unequal, and the kinematics are markedly altered after resection of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and/or anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). 6 Tanaka et al 7 found that both medial and lateral joint gaps at 0° of flexion were

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Francesco Pirato Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AO Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

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Federica Rosso Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AO Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

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Federico Dettoni Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AO Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

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Davide Edoardo Bonasia Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AO Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

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Matteo Bruzzone Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AO Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

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Roberto Rossi Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AO Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

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Introduction Knee stiffness is a widely known and worrying condition in several postoperative knees, such as total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ). However, less is known about

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Theofilos Karachalios School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessalia, Greece
Orthopaedic Department, University General Hospital of Larissa, Greece

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George A. Komnos Orthopaedic Department, University General Hospital of Larissa, Greece

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component malalignment results in changes to the native femoral and tibial surfaces, which changes the native resting length of the collateral ligaments, retinacula and posterior cruciate ligament. This unnatural tightening or loosening of ligaments produces

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Daniel J. McCormack Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK

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Darren Puttock Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK

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Steven P. Godsiff Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK

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in situations of uni-compartmental full-thickness osteoarthritis, a functionally stable anterior cruciate ligament with stable collateral ligaments, correctable intra-articular deformity and the absence of an inflammatory aetiology. 3 High

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Michael J. Raschke Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Westphaelian Wilhelms University Muenster, Waldeyer Strasse 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany

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Christoph Kittl Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Westphaelian Wilhelms University Muenster, Waldeyer Strasse 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany

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Christoph Domnick Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Westphaelian Wilhelms University Muenster, Waldeyer Strasse 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany

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; 132 : 227 - 231 . 10 Aldebeyan W , Liddell A , Steffen T , Beckman L , Martineau PA . Proximal tibial fracture following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery: a biomechanical analysis of

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