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formation of adhesions in and around the joint. 10 , 12 , 16 Furthermore, it is well known that lengthened immobilization has a detrimental effect on cartilage quality and thickness. In a study with paraplegics, it was discovered that the cartilage
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and adhesions which contributes to pain and restrictive joint motion. 14 Of TKR patients, 3–10% develop arthrofibrosis after TKR and report pain with activities from < 30% for light manual work to 78% for jumping and pivoting. 15 – 18
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axillary fold became adherent to the humeral head. However, the existence of a true adhesion could not be confirmed in other studies. 6 Zuckerman et al formulated a descriptive consensus definition for FS: ‘a condition characterized by functional
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-ACL reconstruction • Higher rate knee extension deficit due to adhesions • Higher incidence of tunnel widening • Electromechanical delay in knee flexors/weakness OA, osteoarthritis; ACL, anterior cruciate ligament Advantages of the patellar
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Mimetis Biomaterials, Spain
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nanoporosity, has been shown to play a very relevant a role in material resorption and bone formation. Small-size pores, of micrometric or nanometric size, have a critical effect on the biological response by influencing protein adsorption, cell adhesion and
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Genetics & Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (MyAgeing), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Taylor's University, Selangor, Malaysia
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Genetics & Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (MyAgeing), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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from 12% to 23% ( 45 ). Integrin signalling pathway The integrin pathway controls the regulation of cell adhesion, spreading of cells and migration, proliferation, differentiation and ECM remodelling ( 46 ). The expression of integrin is
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adductor muscles and a possible sensation of adhesion. Secondarily, the shape of the femoral head can still be regularised by a medial approach with good functional results ( 1 , 46 ) ( Fig. 13 ). Figure 13 Malunion; late medial approach resection
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. At three to five days post-injury, gentle range of motion can begin, with passive plantar flexion to prevent sesamoid adhesions while protecting the injured and healing plantar soft tissues. 16 The patient should be carefully followed in these
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-related problems, followed by scar adhesion/joint contracture after previous surgery. In 32% of reoperations due to complications, the primary surgery had been performed at another hospital, i.e. they were external complications. It should be emphasised, however
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bluntly and continued to the joint line to establish the medial gutter. This is repeated on the lateral side, with the pseudocapsule bluntly dissected, fibrous tissue removed from around the patella and any fibrous adhesions deep to the patella released
