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Mustafa S. Rashid Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

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Yves Tourné Institut Grenoblois de Chirurgie du Pied, Echirolles, France

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Kar H. Teoh Princess Alexandra Hospital, Harlow, UK

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%, SD 11.5) ( Fig. 4 ). It is difficult to know, with any certainty, the clinical and cost effectiveness of LIPUS used in this patient group. A well-powered randomized controlled trial with an appropriate control group, ideally a placebo-control, is

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David Constantinescu Department of Orthopaedics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA

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William Pavlis University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA

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Michael Rizzo Department of Orthopaedics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA

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Dennis Vanden Berge Department of Orthopaedics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA

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Spencer Barnhill Department of Orthopaedics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA

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Victor Hugo Hernandez Department of Orthopaedics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA

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and practical way to remotely monitor knee ROM following TKA. Pronk et al. (29) PainCoach Provides advice on medication use, exercise and when to call the clinic in response to patient input of pain experience. Randomized control trial

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David Eckerdal Department of Orthopedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad Hospitals, Hässleholm, Sweden
Department of Clinical Sciences - Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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Hendrik Pakosta Department of Orthopedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad Hospitals, Hässleholm, Sweden

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Muhanned Ali Department of Orthopedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad Hospitals, Hässleholm, Sweden
Department of Clinical Sciences - Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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Isam Atroshi Department of Orthopedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad Hospitals, Hässleholm, Sweden
Department of Clinical Sciences - Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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efficacy has acquired importance. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for assessing treatment efficacy, providing a high level of evidence ( 8 ). They can, however, be influenced by various sources of bias. The validity of the reported

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Miguel Relvas-Silva Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, São João Universitary Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal
NeuroGen Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, Porto, Portugal

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Bernardo Sousa Pinto MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
CINTESIS@RISE - Health Research Network, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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António Sousa Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, São João Universitary Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal

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Miguel Loureiro Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, São João Universitary Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal
Hospital das Forças Armadas, Porto, Portugal

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André Rodrigues Pinho Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, São João Universitary Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal
Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal

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Pedro Pereira NeuroGen Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, Porto, Portugal
CINTESIS@RISE - Health Research Network, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal

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, not otherwise specified; OLIF, oblique lumbar interbody fusion; PLIF, posterior lumbar interbody fusion; PCS, prospective cohort study; RCS, retrospective cohort study; RCT, randomized controlled trial; QE, quasi-experimental; TF, transforaminal; TLIF

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Sohail Nisar Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, UK
Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, LGI, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, UK

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Jeya Palan Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, UK

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Charles Rivière MSK Lab - Imperial College London, White City Campus, London, UK
The Lister Hospital, Chelsea Bridge, London, UK
Centre de l’Arthrose - Clinique du Sport, Bordeaux-Mérignac, France

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Mark Emerton Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, UK

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Hemant Pandit Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, UK
Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, UK

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implant with a femoral component that more closely restores the native trochlea anatomy may help improve patient outcomes. 44 , 45 A recent randomized-controlled trial (RCT), however, which also used the Vanguard implant, found no difference in any

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Christiaan J A van Bergen Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amphia, Breda, the Netherlands

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Pieter Bas de Witte Department of Orthopedic Surgery, LUMC, Leiden, the Netherlands

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Floor Willeboordse Knowledge Institute of Medical Specialists, Utrecht, the Netherlands

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Babette L de Geest Knowledge Institute of Medical Specialists, Utrecht, the Netherlands

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Magritha (Margret) M H P Foreman-van Drongelen Department of Hip Sonography, Diagnostiek voor U, Eindhoven, the Netherlands

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Bart J Burger Department of Orthopedic Surgery, North West Hospital Group, Alkmaar, the Netherlands

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Yvon M den Hartog Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands

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Joost H van Linge Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Reinier Haga Orthopedic Center, Zoetermeer, the Netherlands

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Renske M Pereboom Dutch Hip Patient Association, Vereniging Afwijkende Heupontwikkeling, Nijkerk, the Netherlands

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Simon G F Robben Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands

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M Adhiambo Witlox Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands

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Melinda M E H Witbreuk Department of Orthopedic Surgery, OLVG, AUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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(%) of patients. AI, acetabular index; AVN, avascular necrosis; PCS, prospective cohort study; RCCS, retrospective cross- center study; RCT, randomized controlled trial. Guideline question 1: Observation compared to abduction treatment

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Anoop K. Prasad Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK

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Jaimee H.S. Tan Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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Hany S. Bedair Department of Orthopaedics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Kaplan Joint Center, Department of Orthopaedics, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, Massachusetts, USA

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Sebastian Dawson-Bowling Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK

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Sammy A. Hanna Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK

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not possible, cementless fixation may allow for increased prosthesis longevity and bone stock preservation. 8 To investigate the aforementioned issues, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing

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Pernille Bovbjerg Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Ditte Høgh Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Lonnie Froberg Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Hagen Schmal Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Clinic of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

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Moustapha Kassem Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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studies were included. Because of the small amount of data within this field we included randomized controlled trials, case-control studies and case reports. Systematic reviews were excluded because of risk of duplicated data. The search strategy was

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Hsiao-Yi Cheng Department of Primary Care Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Chun-Wei Liang School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Primary Care Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Yu-Hao Lee Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Timporn Vitoonpong Department of Rehabilitation, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bankok, Thailand

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Chun-De Liao Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
Master’s Program in Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Shih-Wei Huang Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

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, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), and International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number registry (ISRCTN)) were searched for relevant clinical trials up to February 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined ( 1 ) the

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Leonard Christianto Singjie Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Carolus Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
Faculty of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Reynaldo Halomoan Faculty of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Ifran Saleh Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Carolus Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Endrotomo Sumargono Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Carolus Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Erica Kholinne Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Carolus Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia

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] OR (’arthroplasty’[MeSH Terms] OR ‘arthroplasty’[All Fields] OR ‘arthroplasties’[All Fields]))). Study selection All included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English between 2002 and 2022. Studies comparing

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