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Hao-Ran Xu Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Yong-Hui Zhang Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Yi-Li Zheng Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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). Physical therapies are recommended for patients with LBP according to several guidelines ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ). Motor control exercise (MCE) has been obtaining increasing attention in recent years ( 5 ). MCE is defined as an exercise to increase control and

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J. Javier Masquijo Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Sanatorio Allende, Córdoba, Argentina

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Cristian Artigas Hospital Roberto del Rio, Santiago, Chile
Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Chile

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Julio de Pablos Advanced Bone Reconstruction Surgery, Hospital San Juan de Dios y Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain

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conservatively with physical therapy and the use of orthoses. FKFD exceeding 10 degrees may lead to anterior knee pain, decreased endurance, and progressive crouch gait in ambulatory patients, and with respect to wheelchair users, this deformity may impair

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Luciano A. Rossi Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires City, Argentina

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Maximiliano Ranalletta Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires City, Argentina

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PARCTs. 21 – 23 This approach includes activity modification with the avoidance of provocative activity and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications. A supervised physical therapy regimen is also indicated to stretch out the contracted

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Chilan Bou Ghosson Leite Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Patricia Moreno Grangeiro Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Diego Ubrig Munhoz Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Pedro Nogueira Giglio Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Gilberto Luis Camanho Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Riccardo Gomes Gobbi Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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.9%) All cases treated after physical therapy Prince et al (2015) 15 United States Clin Orthop Relat Res 30 Paley Fibular Hemimelia: 4 (13.3) Tibial Hemimelia: 2 (6.7) Multiple hereditary exostosis: 1 (3.3) Syndactyly: 1 (3

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Mark F Siemensma Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Anna E van der Windt Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Eline M van Es Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Joost W Colaris Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Denise Eygendaal Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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. O'Driscoll SW Lievano JR Morrey ME Sanchez-Sotelo J Shukla DR Olson TS Fitzsimmons JS Vaichinger AM & Shields MN . Prospective randomized trial of continuous passive motion versus physical therapy after arthroscopic release of

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Amer Sebaaly School of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
Orthopedic Department, Spine Unit, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Sarah Farjallah Orthopedic Department, Spine Unit, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Khalil Kharrat Orthopedic Department, Spine Unit, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Gaby Kreichati School of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
Orthopedic Department, Spine Unit, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon

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Mohammad Daher School of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon

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modification Physical therapy  Extension stretching/strengthening  Hamstring stretching  Proper self-postural control daily for 20 min (46) Pain medication (49):  Anti-inflammatory drugs (46)  Muscle relaxant (46) Bracing (49):  Thoracic SK: 4

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Wai Weng Yoon Spinal Surgery Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
Centre for Spinal Surgery, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK

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Jonathan Koch Centre for Spinal Surgery, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK

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patients with radiculopathy. It consists of a number of different modalities including immobilization, physical therapy, manipulation, traction, medication, and cervical steroid injection. 5 Good to excellent outcomes were reported in up to 90% of

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Shu-Hao Du Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China

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Yong-Hui Zhang Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Qi-Hao Yang Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Yu-Chen Wang Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Yu Fang Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China

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Xue-Qiang Wang Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China

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be corrected with physical therapy, require long-term behavioral changes, or cannot be changed. Some common factors and examples that affect body posture are shown in Table 1 . Table 1 The influencing factors of abnormal posture

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Tianping Zhou Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University, Shanghai, P.R.China

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Yihong Xu Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University, Shanghai, P.R.China

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Aiai Zhang Department of Burn Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University, Shanghai, P.R.China

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Lan Zhou School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Qing Zhang Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University, Shanghai, P.R.China

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Zhou Ji Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University, Shanghai, P.R.China

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Weidong Xu Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University, Shanghai, P.R.China

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Orthopaedic Research 9643 4.00% 3.49 Sahlgrenska University Hospital 6543 6.63% 42 Kurt Spindler 4481 7.12% 38 7 Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 7700 3.47% 4.75 University of Vermont 5867 3.27% 35

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Sebastian Kopf Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Germany

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Manuel-Paul Sava Orthopedics and Traumatology 2nd Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania

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Christian Stärke Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany

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Roland Becker Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Germany

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Losina E . Surgery versus physical therapy for meniscal tear and osteoarthritis . N Engl J Med 2013 ; 369 : 677 – 678 . 38. Sihvonen R Paavola M Malmivaara A ; Finnish Degenerative Meniscal Lesion Study

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