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Kaplan Joint Center, Department of Orthopaedics, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, Massachusetts, USA
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devastating complications of joint replacement surgery, and the potential of using antibiotic-infused bone cement (AIBC) in primary cemented fixation may be an argument for its clinical superiority. Our review has demonstrated no significant difference in
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the 1970s, when gentamicin-loaded bone cement was first tested in humans. 57 Bone cement was a convenient vehicle for antibiotic delivery, as it was routinely applied in cemented arthroplasties. Gentamicin was identified as a suitable antibiotic
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delivering antibiotics by a local drug-delivery system was first followed by Buchholz et al, who mixed antibiotics and PMMA to create a local carrier. 25 From these findings, Klemm et al have developed techniques using antibiotic-loaded bone cement in
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-out strength by 100% to 200%, particularly in the setting of bone loss or osteoporosis. 68 - 70 In addition, it has numerous advantages over polymethylmethacrylate bone cement when employed in this role. CS-CP cements harden by an isothermic reaction, with
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is over 2000 mL. 7 To reduce PJI infection rate, some authors advocate using antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) for the cementation. However, it was demonstrated that routine use of ALBC does not change the PJI rate, though it may be useful in
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failed systemically during their clinical use. These failures included corrosion-induced loosening of cemented titanium stems ( 4 ), mechanical breakdown of a polymethylmethacrylat (PMMA) bone cement due to problems with the glass transition temperature
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). Longer time intervals of over eight weeks should be avoided as the antibiotic bone cement spacer loses its antibiotic concentration. 73 Increased duration between resection and re-implantation was associated with a higher risk of re-infection after
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porous network of micrometric/nanometric CaP crystals ( Fig. 2 ). 27 Unlike in acrylic bone cements, widely used in orthopaedic surgery for arthroplasty fixation and vertebroplasty, the setting reaction in CPC is not exothermic, 28 and therefore
Anatomy Institute and Orthopedics Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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functional recovery occur more quickly in kyphoplasty compared to conservative treatment in these patients ( 50 , 51 , 76 , 88 , 79 ). Historically, cementoplasty techniques, that is, the application of bone cement inside the vertebral body, were
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relates to high rates of contamination. In acute post-operative infections, sonicating parts of the implants that are covered with antibiotic-loaded bone cement may inhibit bacterial growth and lead to false negative results caused by increased antibiotic
