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, knee stiffness requiring manipulation under anaesthesia, post-operative infection and deep vein thrombosis were also analysed. The following additional information was recorded: study setting; population; participant demographics; follow-up rates and
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infection or laxity without traumatic or technical causes, 8%). Technical errors also played a contributing role in 17% of all failures. Regarding technical errors, femoral tunnel malpositioning was the main cause (63%), followed by tibial tunnel
Osteoarticular Surgery Research, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital – Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
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.84–1.41). Newman et al. stated that since many of these complications are preventable, a team-based multispecialty patient optimisation is needed ( 19 ). Periprosthetic joint infection As revealed in 2018 by Rondon et al. , patients with PD have an
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complications was defined as incorporating all complications reported in the literature ( 18 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ), including plate fracture, malunion, delayed union, nonunion, incision infection, etc. The criteria for non
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should be assessed for consistency with the patients’ history and findings from the physical examination before coming to a final impression. The evidence shows that implant failure is most commonly for two reasons, aseptic loosening or infection, where
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inadequate reduction and fixation of fractures. 10 , 13 , 14 In patients with obesity (BMI > 40) who are treated with ORIF, the risk of infection, thromboembolism and operative bleeding increases two-fold. 15 - 19 Blood loss during open surgical
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-analysis and systematic review was to analyze perioperative variables and clinical outcomes, such as surgery time, blood loss, length of hospital stays, Harris hip score (HHS), 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), complication rate, surgical site infection rate
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infection, a stiff joint, glenohumeral advanced arthritis, axillary nerve palsy, brachial plexus palsy or dysfunction affecting the muscle to be transferred, a posterosuperior tear massive tear associated with a non-reparable SST tear, and an anterosuperior
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. We found only two cases from over 350 reported procedures of deep post-operative infection (0.5%). Radiology Osteolysis or radiolucency at the ulna collar was assessed in varying ways. In ten of the 18 series, no useful information could be
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Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a safe therapy and there are only a few side effects known (such as pain during ESWT and minor haematomata), but no severe complications are to be expected if it is performed as recommended.
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Contraindications are severe coagulopathy for high-energy ESWT, and ESWT with focus on the foetus or embryo and focus on severe infection.
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The effect mechanism of ESWT is still a component of diverse studies, but as far as we can summarize today, it is a similar process to a cascade triggered by mechano-transduction: mechanical energy causes changes in the cellular skeleton, which provokes a reaction of the cell core (for example release of mRNA) to influence diverse cell structures such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, intracellular vesicles, etc., so the enzymatic response leads to the improvement of the healing process.
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The usage of ESWT should be taught, to improve the outcome. Courses should be organized by national societies, since the legal framework conditions are different from one country to another.
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In this update the musculoskeletal indications are addressed (mainly bone and tendons): pseudoarthrosis, delayed fracture healing, bone marrow oedema and osteonecrosis in its early stages, insertional tendinopathies such as plantar fasciitis and Achilles tendon fasciitis, calcifying tendonitis of the rotator cuff, tennis elbow, and wound healing problems.
Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:584-592. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190067
