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the iliac crest to the ASIS. From there, it continues along the inguinal ligament to the midline, ending approximately two centimetres cranial to the pubic symphysis. With further exposure, the ilioinguinal approach opens three windows, which are used
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Introduction Post-traumatic radial-sided wrist pain is common and can represent a fracture, wrist sprain, ligament disruption or a combination of injuries. Previous studies have shown that a scaphoid fracture is the most common fracture among
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Department of Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery including Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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interconnected through collateral ligaments and the syndesmotic ligament complex. 2 , 3 From the tibia, the facies articularis medialis (pilon) and the facies articularis inferior are connected to the talus. Looking at the coronal plane, the tibia shows a
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, followed by conducting specific assessments of key factors, such as bone loss/ligament insufficiency/instability, and further identifying individualized solutions. Cause and etiology The preoperative plan of rTKA usually comes from etiology analysis
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. 2 The treatment for ankle arthritis varies according to the cause and severity of the cartilage degeneration. For example, arthroscopic debridement, spur excision or ligament reconstruction have been attempted for early-stage degenerative
Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy
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Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy
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Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Biomeccanica e Innovazione Tecnologica, Bologna (BO), Italy
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medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) 29 and, according to some authors, 30 also those with MPFL injury at its patellar insertion. In this regard, different techniques of MPFL repair or reconstruction have been reported to deal with such
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suggestive of an additional ligamentous injury, which might alter the treatment strategy. Examples are the evaluation of integrity of the transverse atlanto-axial ligament in a Jefferson fracture of the atlas or the C2/C3 disc in axis ‘ring’ fractures
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can contribute to make this procedure technically demanding: soft tissue scarring, anatomic tibial abnormalities and poor bone-stock, presence of hardware and residual ligamental laxity ( 5 , 7 ). For these reasons, authors are more likely to
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Introduction Knee stiffness is a widely known and worrying condition in several postoperative knees, such as total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ). However, less is known about
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which are two weeks apart with 3 mL of PRP injected on each occasion. Knee ligament injuries Ligaments connect bones and are important for joint stability and proprioception. They comprise 70% water and 30% solid material with the latter being
