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Medial elbow pain is uncommon when compared with lateral elbow pain.
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Medial epicondylitis is an uncommon diagnosis and can be confused with other sources of pain.
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Overhead throwers and workers lifting heavy objects are at increased risk of medial elbow pain.
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Differential diagnosis includes ulnar nerve disorders, cervical radiculopathy, injured ulnar collateral ligament, altered distal triceps anatomy or joint disorders.
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Children with medial elbow pain have to be assessed for ‘Little League elbow’ and fractures of the medial epicondyle following a traumatic event.
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This paper is primarily focused on the differential diagnosis of medial elbow pain with basic recommendations on treatment strategies.
Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:362-371. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160006
Search for other papers by Alfonso Vaquero-Picado in
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Search for other papers by Raul Barco in
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Search for other papers by Samuel A. Antuña in
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Lateral epicondylitis, also known as ‘tennis elbow’, is a very common condition affecting mainly middle-aged patients.
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The pathogenesis remains unknown but there appears to be a combination of local tendon pathology, alteration in pain perception and motor impairment.
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The diagnosis is usually clinical but some patients may benefit from additional imaging for a specific differential diagnosis.
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The disease has a self-limiting course of between 12 and 18 months, but in some patients, symptoms can be persistent and refractory to treatment.
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Most patients are well-managed with non-operative treatment and activity modification. Many surgical techniques have been proposed for patients with refractory symptoms.
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New non-operative treatment alternatives with promising results have been developed in recent years.
Cite this article: Vaquero-Picado A, Barco R, Antuña SA. Lateral epicondylitis of the elbow. EFORT Open Rev 2016;1:391-397. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.1.000049.
