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Plantar fasciopathy is very prevalent, affecting one in ten people in their lifetime.
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Around 90% of cases will resolve within 12 months with conservative treatment.
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Gastrocnemius tightness has been associated with dorsiflexion stiffness of the ankle and plantar fascia injury.
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The use of eccentric calf stretching with additional stretches for the fascia is possibly the non-operative treatment of choice for chronic plantar fasciopathy.
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Medial open release of approximately the medial third of the fascia and release of the first branch of the lateral plantar nerve has been the most accepted surgical treatment for years.
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Isolated proximal medial gastrocnemius release has been reported for refractory plantar fasciopathy with excellent results and none of the complications of plantar fasciotomy.
Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:485-493. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170080.
Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
Universidad Andrés Bello, Hospital del Trabajador, Facultad de Medicina, Santiago, Chile
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Sanatorio Güemes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Teodoro Álvarez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Spine Unit, Department of Traumatology, Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Chile
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Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Paracelsus Private Medical University Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
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Isolated cervical spine facet fractures are often overlooked.
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The primary imaging modality for diagnosing these injuries is a computed tomography scan.
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Treatment of unilateral cervical facet fractures without evidence of dislocation or subluxation remains controversial. The available evidence regarding treatment options for these fractures is of low quality.
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Risk factors associated with the failure of nonoperative treatment are: comminution of the articular mass or facet joint, acute radiculopathy, high body mass index, listhesis exceeding 2 mm, fragmental diastasis, acute disc injury, and bilateral fractures or fractures that adversely affect 40% of the intact lateral mass height or have an absolute height of 1 cm.
