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  • Author: Andreas F. Mavrogenis x
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Spyridon Sioutis First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Lampros Reppas First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Achilles Bekos First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Eleftheria Soulioti Second Department of Anaesthesiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Theodosis Saranteas Second Department of Anaesthesiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Dimitrios Koulalis First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Georgios Sapkas First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Andreas F. Mavrogenis First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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  • Echinococcosis or hydatid disease affecting the spine is an uncommon manifestation of Echinococcus granulosus infection of the spine.

  • More commonly found in endemic areas, it causes significant morbidity and mortality as it grows slowly and produces symptoms mainly by compressing the spinal cord.

  • As diagnostic methods are non-specific, diagnosis and management are usually delayed until the disease is advanced, thereby therapy is usually unlikely.

  • Treatment is usually surgical, aiming at cyst excision, spinal cord decompression and spinal stabilization.

  • This article summarizes the clinical findings of echinococcosis of the spine, discusses the specific laboratory and diagnostic findings, lists the current treatment options, and reviews the patients’ outcomes.

  • The aim is to prompt clinicians to be aware of the possibility of echinococcosis as a possible diagnosis in endemic areas.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:288-296. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200130

Article Type:
Review Article
Category:
Spine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.6.200130
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 4
Open access
Andreas F. Mavrogenis Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Panayiotis D. Megaloikonomos Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Vasileios G. Igoumenou Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Georgios N. Panagopoulos Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Efthymia Giannitsioti Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Antonios Papadopoulos Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece

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  • Spondylodiscitis may involve the vertebral bodies, intervertebral discs, paravertebral structures and spinal canal, with potentially high morbidity and mortality rates.

  • A rise in the susceptible population and improved diagnosis have increased the reported incidence of the disease in recent years.

  • Blood cultures, appropriate imaging and biopsy are essential for diagnosis and treatment.

  • Most patients are successfully treated by conservative means; however, some patients may require surgical treatment.

  • Surgical indications include doubtful diagnosis, progressive neurological deficits, progressive spinal deformity, failure to respond to treatment, and unresolved pain.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:447–461. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160062

Article Type:
Research Article
Category:
Spine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.2.160062
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 11
Open access