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Jan Bartoníček Department of Orthopaedics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Military University Hospital Prague, U Vojenské Nemocnice, Prague, Czech Republic

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Stefan Rammelt University Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse, Dresden, Germany

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Michal Tuček Department of Orthopaedics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Military University Hospital Prague, U Vojenské Nemocnice, Prague, Czech Republic

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  • Bosworth fracture (BF) is a special type of locked ankle fracture-dislocation, characterized by displacement of a fragment of the fractured fibula from the fibular notch behind the posterior surface of the distal tibia.

  • BF is a complex injury affecting multiple structures of the ankle joint, which is still frequently misjudged even today, potentially leading to severe complications.

  • CT examination, including 3D reconstructions, should be the diagnostic standard in BF, as it provides a complete picture of the fracture pathoanatomy, most prominently the morphology of the frequently associated posterior malleolar fracture.

  • BF requires early reduction of the displaced fibular fragment without repeated attempts on closed reduction. Non-operative treatment of BF almost always fails. The standard treatment procedure is early open reduction internal fixation.

  • Due to the relative severity and paucity of the injury, BF seems to be particularly prone to soft tissue complications, including compartment syndrome.

  • The results of operative treatment are mixed. Many studies report persistent pain even after a short time interval, with limitations of the range of motion or even stiffness of the ankle joint, and development of degenerative changes. Larger studies with long-term results are still missing.

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Luca Pacchiarini Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland

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Lorenzo Massimo Oldrini Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland

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Pietro Feltri Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland

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Stefano Lucchina Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
Surgical Department, Hand Surgery Unit EOC, Locarno’s Regional Hospital, Locarno, Switzerland
Locarno Hand Center, Locarno, Switzerland

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Giuseppe Filardo Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland

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Christian Candrian Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland

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Purpose

  • Distal radius fractures (DRFs) represent up to 18% of all fractures in the elderly population, yet studies on the rate of complications following surgery are lacking in the literature. This systematic review aimed to quantify the rate of complications and reinterventions in patients treated with volar plate for distal radius fractures, and analyze if there was any predisposing factor.

Methods

  • A comprehensive literature search was performed on three databases up to January 2023, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies describing volar plate complications and hardware removal were included. A systematic review was performed on complications and rate of reintervention. Assessment of risk of bias and quality of evidence was performed with the ‘Down and Black’s Checklist for measuring quality’.

Results

  • About112 studies including 17 288 patients were included. The number of complications was 2434 in 2335 patients; the most frequent was carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), representing 14.3% of all complications. About 104 studies reported the number of reinterventions, being 1880 with a reintervention rate of 8.5%. About 84 studies reported the reason of reintervention; the most common were patient’s will (3.0%), pain (1.1%), CTS (1.2%), and device failure (1.1%).

Conclusion

  • The complication rate after DRFs is 13.5%, with the main complication being CTS (14.3%), followed by pain and tendinopathy. The reintervention rate is 8.5%, mainly due to the patient’s willingness, and all these patients had plate removal. Correct positioning of the plate and correct information to the patient before surgery can reduce the number of hardware removal, thereby reducing costs and the risk of complications associated with VLP for distal radius fractures.

Open access
Yu Ren Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Hui Yu Department of Hematology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
Department of Hematology, Enze Hospital, Taizhou Enze Medical Center (Group), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Zhangfu Wang Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Wenjun Pan Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Lin Chen Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Hua Luo Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Purpose

  • For many decades, patients recovering from wound closure have been instructed not to bathe. Although studies have shown that earlier postoperative bathing does not increase the risk of wound infection, it remains rare in practice for patients to be allowed earlier postoperative bathing. We performed this meta-analysis to determine how earlier bathing affected rates of wound infection, other complications, and patient satisfaction.

Methods

  • This systematic review conforms to PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from their inception dates to December 31, 2022. We estimated pooled values for the efficacy of trial of earlier bathing versus delayed bathing using the odds ratio and their associated 95% CI, and we used the I 2 statistic to assess heterogeneity between studies contributing to these estimates.

Results

  • Of the 1813 articles identified by our search, 11 randomized controlled trials including 2964 patients were eligible for inclusion. The incidence of wound infection did not differ significantly between the earlier bathing and delayed bathing groups, nor did rates of other wound complications such as redness and swelling, or wound dehiscence. However, the incidence of hematoma in the delayed bathing group was higher than in the earlier bathing group. Reported patient satisfaction was significantly higher in the earlier bathing group.

Conclusion

  • The medical community, health authorities, and government should create and disseminate clinical practice guidelines to guide patients to evidence-based beneficial treatment.

Open access
Miguel Relvas-Silva Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, São João Universitary Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal
NeuroGen Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, Porto, Portugal

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Bernardo Sousa Pinto MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
CINTESIS@RISE - Health Research Network, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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António Sousa Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, São João Universitary Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal

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Miguel Loureiro Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, São João Universitary Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal
Hospital das Forças Armadas, Porto, Portugal

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André Rodrigues Pinho Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, São João Universitary Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal
Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal

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Pedro Pereira NeuroGen Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, Porto, Portugal
CINTESIS@RISE - Health Research Network, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal

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Study design

  • Systematic review; meta-analysis.

Purpose

  • Lumbar degenerative disease is frequent and has a tremendous impact on patients’ disability and quality-of-life. Open and minimally invasive procedures have been used to achieve adequate decompression and fusion. Endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (Endo-LIF) is emerging as an alternative, trying to reduce morbidity, while achieving comparable to superior clinical outcomes. The aim of this work is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate how Endo-LIF compares to open or minimally invasive procedures.

Methods

  • Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane) were systematically reviewed using the query: ‘(percutaneous OR endoscop*) AND (open OR minimal* invasive) AND lumbar AND fusion’. PRISMA guidelines were followed.

Results

  • Twenty-seven articles were included (25 cohort study, 1 quasi-experimental study, and 1 randomized control trial; for meta-analytical results, only observational studies were considered). Endo-LIF conditioned longer operative time, with significantly lower blood loss, bedtime, and hospital length of stay. Early post-operative back pain favored endoscopic techniques. Endo-LIF and non-Endo-LIF minimally invasive surgery displayed comparable results for most back and leg pain or disability outcomes, despite Endo-LIF having been associated with higher disability at late follow-up (versus Open-LIF). No differences were found regarding fusion rates, cage subsidence, or adverse events. Definitive conclusions regarding fusion rate cannot be drawn due to low number of studies and unstandardized fusion definition.

Conclusion

  • Endo-LIF is an effective and safe alternative to conventional lumbar interbody fusion procedures. Evidence shortcomings may be addressed, and future randomized control trials may be performed to compare techniques and to validate results.

Open access
Guo-xu Zhang Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Ji Li Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Qi-jun Xie Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Mei-ren Zhang Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Kui Zhao Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Hai-yun Chen Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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Objective

  • Through meta-analysis, this study aims to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of single-plating and double-plating in the treatment of comminuted fractures of the distal femur.

Methods

  • Computer searches of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine (CBM), VIP, and Wanfang digital journals were performed, and the timeframe for the searches was from the establishment of each database to July 2023 for each of the databases. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software provided by the Cochrane Library, and the review process was registered in the PROSPERO database.

Results

  • A total of ten studies were included for statistical analysis. One randomised controlled study and nine retrospective cohort studies with a total of 563 patients were included. The double-plate group was superior to the single-plate group in terms of knee mobility at 6 months postoperatively, overall postoperative complications, and the rate of healing of knee deformity. However, it increased the operation time and intraoperative bleeding, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of excellent knee function rate, fracture healing time, plate fracture, postoperative infection, delayed fracture healing, and non-union (P ≥ 0.05).

Conclusion

  • Double plate fixation for comminuted fractures of the distal femur can improve knee mobility at 6 months postoperatively, reduce overall postoperative complications, and decrease the incidence of malunion healing. However, it increases operative time and bleeding. Randomised studies are needed to provide strong evidence in the future.

Open access
Irina-Anca Eremia Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Department of Emergency Medicine, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania

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Bogdan Serban Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Romania

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Mihnea Popa Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Romania

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Adela Iancu Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania

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Silvia Nica Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Department of Emergency Medicine, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania

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Catalin Cirstoiu Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Romania

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  • Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common type of tumor that can develop in the kidney. It is responsible for around one-third of all cases of neoplasms. RCC manifests itself in a variety of distinct subtypes. The most frequent of which is clear cell RCC, followed by papillary and chromophobe RCC.

  • RCC has the potential for metastasis to a variety of organs; nevertheless, bone metastases are one of the most common and potentially fatal complications. These bone metastases are characterized by osteolytic lesions that can result in pathological fractures, hypercalcemia, and other complications, which can ultimately lead to a deterioration in quality of life and an increase morbidity.

  • While nephrectomy remains a foundational treatment for RCC, emerging evidence suggests that targeted therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors and T cell checkpoint inhibitors, may offer effective alternatives, potentially obviating the need for adjuvant nephrectomy in certain cases of metastatic RCC

  • Bone metastases continue to be a difficult complication of RCC, which is why more research is required to enhance patient outcome.

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Andrea Angelini Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology and Oncological Orthopedics, University of Padova, Italy

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Ivan Bohacek Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata, Zagreb, Croatia

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Mihovil Plecko Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata, Zagreb, Croatia

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Carlo Biz Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology and Oncological Orthopedics, University of Padova, Italy

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Giulia Trovarelli Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology and Oncological Orthopedics, University of Padova, Italy

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Mariachiara Cerchiaro Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology and Oncological Orthopedics, University of Padova, Italy

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Giuseppe Di Rubbo Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology and Oncological Orthopedics, University of Padova, Italy

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Pietro Ruggieri Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology and Oncological Orthopedics, University of Padova, Italy

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Purpose

  • Primary bone tumors of the fibula are rare. Distal fibular resection has a significant impact on ankle biomechanics and gait, possibly leading to complications such as ankle instability, valgus deformity, and degenerative changes. Question: Is there a need for reconstructive surgery after distal fibular resection, and what reconstructive procedures are available?

Materials and methods

  • The review is registered with the PROSPERO International Register of Systematic Reviews. Inclusion criteria consisted of all levels of evidence, human studies, patients of all ages and genders, publication in English, and resection of the distal portion of the fibula due to tumor pathology. The reviewers defined four different categories of interest by method of treatment. Additional articles of interest during full-text review were also added.

Results

  • The initial search resulted with a total of 2958 records. After screening, a total of 50 articles were included in the study. Articles were divided into ‘No reconstruction’, ‘Soft tissue reconstruction’, ‘Bone and soft tissue reconstruction’, and ‘Arthrodesis, arthroplasty or other reconstruction options’ groups.

Conclusion

  • Limb salvage surgery should be followed by reconstruction in order to avoid complications. Soft tissue reconstructions should always be considered to stabilize the joint after fibular resection. Bone reconstruction with reversed vascularized fibula is the preferred technique in young patients and in cases of bone defects more than 3 cm, while arthrodesis should be considered in adult patients. Whenever possible for oncologic reason, if a residual peroneal malleolus could be preserved, we prefer augmentation with a sliding ipsilateral fibular graft.

Open access
Chengxin Xie Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Wenjun Pan Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Shouli Wang Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Xueli Yan Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Hua Luo Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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Purpose

  • Knee arthroplasty is an effective treatment for severe knee degeneration; however, periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of its serious complications. Single- and two-stage revision are common treatments, but few studies have compared single- and two-stage revision for PJI after knee arthroplasty. This study aimed to compare the reinfection and reoperation rates of single- and two-stage revision through meta-analysis.

Methods

  • The review process was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. We searched the PubMed, Medline, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases for trials comparing single- and two-stage revision for PJI after knee arthroplasty from the respective inception dates to April 2023. Two researchers individually screened the studies, performed the literature quality evaluation and data extraction and used Stata 17 software for data analysis.

Results

  • The meta-analysis showed that the reinfection rate was significantly lower in the single-stage revision group than in the two-stage revision group. While the reoperation rates demonstrated no statistically significant difference between the two groups. We presented descriptive results because the discrepancies in the knee function scores and data reported in the studies meant that these data could not be combined in the meta-analysis.

Conclusion

  • Based on the available research, single-stage revision is a reliable option for PJI after knee arthroplasty. However, when developing the best treatment strategy, it is still necessary to consider the individual circumstances and needs of the patient, as well as the risks of postoperative rehabilitation and complications.

Open access
Ulas Can Kolac Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

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Alp Paksoy Charité University Hospital, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany

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Doruk Akgün Charité University Hospital, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany

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  • Accurate component placement in shoulder arthroplasty is crucial for avoiding complications, achieving superior biomechanical performance and optimizing functional outcomes.

  • Shoulder and elbow surgeons have explored various methods to improve surgical understanding and precise execution including preoperative planning with 3D computed tomography (CT), patient-specific instrumentation (PSI), intraoperative navigation, and mixed reality (MR).

  • 3D preoperative planning facilitated by CT scans and advanced software, enhances surgical precision, influences decision-making for implant types and approaches, reduces errors in guide pin placement, and contributes to cost-effectiveness.

  • Navigation demonstrates benefits in reducing malpositioning, optimizing baseplate stability, improving humeral cut, and potentially conserving bone stock, although challenges such as varied operating times and costs warrant further investigation.

  • The personalized patient care and enhanced operational efficiency associated with PSI are not only attractive for achieving desired component positions but also hold promise for improved outcomes in complex cases involving glenoid bone loss.

  • Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies play a pivotal role in reshaping shoulder arthroplasty. They offer benefits in preoperative planning, intraoperative guidance, and interactive surgery. Studies demonstrate their effectiveness in AR-guided guidewire placement, providing real-time surgical advice during reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA). Additionally, these technologies show promise in orthopedic training, delivering superior realism and accelerating learning compared to conventional methods.

Open access
Xiangji Dang Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
Department of Pharmaceutical, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu province, P.R. China

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Mei Liu The First Clinical Medical School, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, P.R. China

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Qiang Yang Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu province, P.R. China

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Jin Jiang Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu province, P.R. China

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Yan Liu Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China

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Hui Sun Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu province, P.R. China

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Jinhui Tian Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China

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Purpose

  • This study sought to determine if the use of tranexamic acid (TXA) in preexisting thromboembolic risk patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA) was linked to an increased risk of death or postoperative complications.

Methods

  • We conducted a comprehensive search for studies up to May 2023 in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. We included randomized clinical trials, cohort studies, and case–control studies examining the use of TXA during TJA surgeries on high-risk patients. The Cochrane Risk of Bias instrument was used to gauge the excellence of RCTs, while the MINORS index was implemented to evaluate cohort studies. We used mean difference (MD) and relative risk (RR) as effect size indices for continuous and binary data, respectively, along with 95% CIs.

Results

  • Our comprehensive study, incorporating data from 11 diverse studies involving 812 993 patients, conducted a meta-analysis demonstrating significant positive outcomes associated with TXA administration. The findings revealed substantial reductions in critical parameters, including overall blood loss (MD = −237.33; 95% CI (−425.44, −49.23)), transfusion rates (RR = 0.45; 95% CI (0.34, 0.60)), and 90-day unplanned readmission rates (RR = 0.86; 95% CI (0.76, 0.97)). Moreover, TXA administration exhibited a protective effect against adverse events, showing decreased risks of pulmonary embolism (RR = 0.73; 95% CI (0.61, 0.87)), myocardial infarction (RR = 0.47; 95% CI (0.40–0.56)), and stroke (RR = 0.73; 95% CI (0.59–0.90)). Importantly, no increased risk was observed for mortality (RR = 0.53; 95% CI (0.24, 1.13)), deep vein thrombosis (RR = 0.69; 95% CI (0.44, 1.09)), or any of the evaluated complications associated with TXA use.

Conclusion

  • The results of this study indicate that the use of TXA in TJA patients with preexisting thromboembolic risk does not exacerbate complications, including reducing mortality, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. Existing evidence strongly supports the potential benefits of TXA in TJA patients with thromboembolic risk, including lowering blood loss, transfusion, and readmission rates.

Open access